Pope Francis (2nd left) greets Egypt鈥檚 Azhar Grand Imam Sheikh Ahmed al-Tayeb (3rd right) after signing on documents during the Human Fraternity Meeting at the Founders Memorial in Abu Dhabi on February 4, 2019. Pope Francis rejected 鈥渉atred and violence鈥� in the name of God, on the first visit by the head of the Catholic church to the Muslim-majority Arabian Peninsula. AFP
ABU DHABI, United Arab Emirates 鈥� Pope Francis and a top Muslim cleric Monday issued a joint call for freedom of belief during the first visit by the head of the Catholic church to the birthplace of Islam 鈥� the Arabian Peninsula.
Francis, who has made outreach to Muslim communities a cornerstone of his papacy, is on an historic three-day visit to the United Arab Emirates.
He is due to hold an open-air mass on Tuesday for 135,000 of the Muslim country鈥檚 million Catholic residents, set to be the largest ever public gathering in the Gulf state.
On Monday, the pope held talks in Abu Dhabi with Sheikh Ahmed al-Tayeb 鈥� imam of Cairo鈥檚 Al-Azhar, Sunni Islam鈥檚 prestigious seat of learning.
The two religious leaders signed a document on 鈥渉uman fraternity for world peace and living together鈥�, described by the Vatican as an 鈥渋mportant step forward in the dialogue between Christians and Muslims鈥�.
They called for 鈥渇reedom of belief鈥�, the 鈥減romotion of a culture of tolerance鈥�, the 鈥減rotection of places of worship鈥� and 鈥渇ull citizenship鈥� rights for minorities.
鈥淚t is鈥� crucial to establish in our societies the concept of full citizenship and reject the discriminatory use of the term minorities which engenders feelings of isolation and inferiority,鈥� read the document.
It said 鈥渇reedom is a right of every person: each individual enjoys the freedom of belief, thought, expression and action鈥� and that 鈥減luralism and the diversity of religions, color, sex, race and language are willed by God鈥�.
鈥淭he fact that people are forced to adhere to a certain religion or culture must be rejected, as too the imposition of a cultural way of life that others do not accept,鈥� it said.
Francis also delivered an address at an interfaith meeting attended by Sheikh Ahmed and UAE leaders, and pushed for an end to all wars in the Middle East, including in Yemen.
The United Arab Emirates and neighboring Saudi Arabia are key allies of the Yemeni government, which is locked in a war against Iran-linked rebels that has pushed Yemen to the brink of famine.
鈥楻eject war鈥�
The pope said all religious leaders had a 鈥渄uty to reject every nuance of approval from the word war鈥�.
鈥淚 am thinking in particular of Yemen, Syria, Iraq and Libya,鈥� he said.
Yemen is the scene of what the UN calls the world鈥檚 worst humanitarian crisis, triggered by the intervention of Saudi Arabia, the UAE and their allies in a war between the government and Huthi rebels.
More than 10 million Yemenis now risk imminent starvation.
The UAE, which prides itself on its religious diversity in the Gulf, is also a member of the US-led coalition battling the Islamic State group in both Syria and Iraq.
Abu Dhabi Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed, one of the most powerful rulers in the seven emirates, on Monday gifted the pope a deed for the plot of land on which the first church in the UAE was built.
Pope Francis in turn gave him a framed medallion of the meeting between St. Francis Assisi 鈥� the pope鈥檚 namesake 鈥� and the Sultan of Egypt Malek al-Kamel, in 1219.
While the pope did not openly discuss politics, he called for 鈥渢he full recognition鈥� of rights for people across the Middle East, a potential reference to communities including Shiites in Saudi Arabia, refugees and migrants, stateless peoples and other minorities.
鈥淚 look forward to societies where people of different beliefs have the same right of citizenship and where only in the case of violence in any of its forms is that right removed,鈥� he said.
鈥榊ear of tolerance鈥�
The Emirates has dubbed 2019 its 鈥測ear of tolerance鈥� but rights groups have criticized it for its role in Yemen, where an estimated 10,000 people have been killed since the Saudi-led alliance the government鈥檚 fight against the Huthis in 2015.
Muslims make up nearly four fifths of the UAE鈥檚 population, but the country is also home to nearly a million Catholics, according to the Apostolic Vicariate of Southern Arabia.
Migrants from Asian countries make up about 65 percent of the population.
The UAE has pushed itself as an open society in a conservative region. The country is home to eight Catholic churches, Hindu temples and a place of prayer that serves as a synagogue.
Bahrain and Qatar are home to one Catholic church each while Oman, Kuwait and Yemen each have four while Sunni powerhouse Saudi Arabia bans all non-Muslim places of worship. /cbb