PARIS鈥擲pending time outdoors is long understood to offer mental health perks, including reduced stress, improved sleep and enhanced cognition.
But these public spaces might also benefit the global economy, new research suggests.
Visits to national parks around the world may result in improved mental health valued at about $6 trillion (5.4 trillion euros), according to a team of ecologists, psychologists and economists from Griffith University in Australia.
鈥淧eople already visit parks to recover from stress,鈥� said lead author Ralf Buckley in a press release. 鈥淚n health care terms, it鈥檚 patient-funded therapy.鈥� But the value of such preventative therapy had never been quantified on a global scale, he noted.
Three pilot studies
Through three pilot studies involving almost 20,000 people鈥攂ased on a representative sample of the Australians and interviews at Lamington and Springbrook national parks鈥攖he researchers measured the impact of park visits on quality of life.
Using well established economic models, they estimated how those benefits would translate into health care savings in Australia, and then globally.
They determined that without outdoor parks, poor mental health could cost Australia alone an additional $145 billion annually.
The research was published Tuesday in Nature Communications.
Health benefits
The savings include not only the cost of mental health treatments and caretakers but also collateral expenses due to absenteeism or poor productivity and antisocial behavior, such as vandalism and domestic abuse.
Putting a dollar amount on the health effects helps to make an argument for physicians to prescribe outdoor activities for mental health, Buckley explains.
鈥淲hile our parks provide many health benefits from 鈥榚veryday鈥� use, they are increasingly becoming recognized as beneficial settings for nature-based health interventions for people with specific health conditions,鈥� Shauna Jones, of Parks Victoria, told Agence France-Presse (AFP).
The findings could also be used as an argument to invest more in parks, the authors suggest.
鈥淧rotected areas are there for conservation, which gives us a livable planet and underpins our entire economy, but conservation is not very powerful politically,鈥� Buckley said.
鈥淧eople and politicians pay more attention to health, because it affects them personally.鈥� Parks Victoria, a government agency that runs a 鈥淗ealthy Parks Healthy People鈥� initiative, cofunded the study, along with Griffith University, and Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service.鈥擜FP