The moon helps illuminate the Vehicle Assembly Building at the Kennedy Space Center as the motorcade carrying the Crew-2 mission astronauts to launch pad 39A ahead of the Crew-2 mission in Florida on April 23, 2021. AFP FILE PHOTO
WASHINGTON 鈥� Nasa on Monday announced it would land an ice-seeking rover on a region of the Moon鈥檚 south pole called the in 2023.
The space agency hopes the robot will confirm the presence of water ice just below the surface, which could one day be converted into rocket fuel for missions to Mars and deeper into the cosmos.
鈥淣obile Crater is an impact crater near the south pole that was born through a collision with another smaller celestial body,鈥� Lori Glaze, director of Nasa鈥檚 planetary science division told reporters.
It is one of the solar system鈥檚 coldest regions, and has only so far been probed from afar using sensors such as those aboard NASA鈥檚 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite.
鈥淭he rover is going to get up close and personal with the lunar soil, even drilling several feet down,鈥� said Glazer.
The robot is called Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover, or VIPER.
Its dimensions are similar to a golf cart 鈥斅� five feet by five feet by eight feet (1.5 meters by 1.5 meters by 2.5 meters) and looks somewhat similar to droids seen in Star Wars.聽It weighs 950 pounds (430 kilograms).
Unlike rovers used on Mars, VIPER can be piloted in near real time, because the distance from Earth is much shorter 鈥� only around 200,000 miles (300,000 kilometers) or 1.3 light seconds.
The rover is also faster, topping out at 0.5 mph (0.8 kph).
Solar-powered VIPER comes with a 50-hour battery, is built to withstand extreme temperatures, and can 鈥渃rab walk鈥� sideways so that its panels keep pointing toward the Sun to maintain charging.
In terms of the mission鈥檚 scientific goals, the VIPER team wants to know how frozen water reached the Moon in the first place, how it remained preserved for billions of years, how it escapes and where the water goes now.
The mission is part of Artemis, America鈥檚 plan to return humans to the Moon.
The first crewed mission is technically set for 2024, but will likely take place significantly later as various aspects are running behind schedule.