South Korean Deputy Defense Minister Yoo Jeh-seung (right) and Eighth U.S. Army Commander Thomas S. Vandal attend a press briefing in Seoul, Sunday. PHOTO COURTESY OF THE KOREA HERALD/ASIA NEWS NETWORK
Seoul and Washington on Sunday declared formal talks on a stationing of advanced U.S. missile defense assets on the peninsula, reflecting North Korea鈥檚 evolving nuclear threats attested once again by its ostensibly successful fresh long-range missile test earlier in the day.
鈥淪outh Korea and the U.S. assess that the North鈥檚 latest nuclear test and long-range ballistic missile launch demonstrate its grave threats of atomic bombs, weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles to the peace and stability of the peninsula and the entire Asia Pacific region,鈥� Seoul鈥檚 Deputy Defense Minister Yoo Jeh-seung said at a news conference announcing the negotiations.
Despite rampant speculation over behind-the-curtain talks and site selection, South Korea has long eschewed public reference to the issue, due largely to the rigid opposition of China that regards the equipment鈥檚 deployment here as de facto joining in the U.S.-led global missile defense program targeting it.
While the public and academia remain sharply divided, the mood was seen increasingly warming among diplomatic and military officials toward the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense system in recent months.
Even some past skeptics shifted their ground, saying its presence will help deter and defend Pyongyang鈥檚 threats given Seoul鈥檚 limited own capabilities, especially after Pyongyang鈥檚 tests of submarine-launched ballistic missiles last year and fourth nuclear test on Jan. 6.
Following the atomic explosion, President Park Geun-hye and then Defense Minister Han Min-koo publicly displayed their consideration and upbeat views about the system鈥檚 value for the first time.
READ: Park calls North Korea鈥檚 rocket launch 鈥榦utright disaster鈥� for peace
In its latest provocation, North Korea on Sunday launched its Gwangmyeongseong-4 rocket, presumably with longer range and heavier payload, indicating its advanced long-range missile capabilities.
The newest rocket launch magnifies the communist state鈥檚 overall progressing nuclear capabilities, coupled with the first successful launch in December 2012, and the latest atomic experiment, during which it claimed to have used a hydrogen bomb.
Though Pyongyang argues Sunday鈥檚 event was aimed at putting a satellite into orbit for earth observation in line with its national aerospace development program, it constitutes a breach of U.N. Security Council resolutions prohibiting the country from any launch involving ballistic missile technology.
As for Seoul, the decision on THAAD could be a sign of frustration over China鈥檚 lukewarm attitude toward a denuclearization of the North. With Beijing resisting Washington鈥檚 demands for stronger punishment after the underground blast, the current UNSC discussions have been unprecedentedly strung out for more than a month.
Given worldwide condemnations over Pyongyang鈥檚 chain of defiant provocations, the missile test is also poised to boost momentum for an ongoing international push to enforce stricter sanctions and inevitably undercut China鈥檚 rationale behind its backing for the intractable regime.
The council is set to hold an emergency session at 11 a.m. on Sunday in New York time following a request from Seoul, Washington and Tokyo.
With the UNSC already working on a resolution over the North鈥檚 Jan. 6 fourth fission bomb test, the three countries have been pressing for much more powerful international sanctions such as banking and financial embargoes, while crafting unilateral or joint penalties.
鈥淭he UNSC should formulate potent sanctions as soon as possible under the perception that North Korea鈥檚 nuclear and missile threats pose a substantial threat to the international community and an outright disaster for world peace,鈥� President Park Geun-hye said during an emergency National Security Council meeting at Cheong Wa Dae.
The latest provocation also throws a trickier choice to Beijing between a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula and its longstanding priority of the stability of its poverty-stricken neighbor and their extensive, porous border.
READ: China expresses regret over North Korea rocket launch
But the missile liftoff, which Beijing has sought to deter over the past couple weeks, is likely to have enraged the staunch sponsor and may help induce its endorsement for harsher sanctions, albeit reluctantly, some officials and observers say.
Yet many others remain skeptical about Beijing鈥檚 any imminent about-face and comprehensive halt of trade or oil supplies, though it could impose a temporary ban as it did following previous major provocations.
China鈥檚 Foreign Ministry promptly issued a statement expressing 鈥渞egret鈥� that North Korea 鈥渋gnored the international community鈥檚 universal opposition鈥� and pushed ahead with the firing. But it acknowledged the North鈥檚 right to the peaceful use of space and again called for relevant parties 鈥� presumably including the South and the U.S. 鈥� to exercise a 鈥渃ool head and restrain.鈥�
鈥淣ow with the missile test, Beijing would have a hard time keeping its face on the world stage and propping up logic behind its patronage for the increasingly unruly Kim Jong-un regime,鈥� a senior Seoul diplomat said, asking anonymity due to the sensitivity of the matter.
鈥淏ut this doesn鈥檛 necessarily mean that China will sit idle watching North Korea鈥檚 economy crumble seriously and perhaps the regime and the society fall into ruins because of the sanctions. Kim fired the missile because he knew it most likely.鈥�
The Seoul government, for its part, fortified readiness across border and held a string of security-related meetings throughout the day, stating that further provocation, including a fourth nuclear test by the North is a possibility.
South Korea said it will further reduce the number of nationals to a joint industrial park in North Korea to about 500 from the current 650. The cross-border propaganda broadcasts will also be expanded, the government said.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff said that South Korea will also hold its biggest-ever joint military drills with the United States this year to counter North Korea鈥檚 provocations.
鈥淭he countermeasure includes military action to correspond to North Korea鈥檚 military provocations to deter further provocations, along with holding a high-tech, biggest-ever military drill this year,鈥� said Army. Maj. Gen. Kim Yong-hyun, a senior official at the JCS.
RELATED VIDEOS